Ubuntu下Docker CE的安装
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/12/28 浏览：2)
本文用于记录Ubuntu 17.10下Docker CE的安装。
安装依赖
关于Docker CE版本在Ubuntu下安装有如下限制
64位的OS
需要Ubuntu64bit的OS, 确认方法如下
devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m x86_64 devops@ubuntu:~$
版本
支持如下Ubuntu的版本
- Artful 17.10
- Xenial 16.04 (LTS)
- Trusty 14.04 (LTS)
注意：其中Artful 17.10只支持Docker CE17.11 Edge以及以后版本，因为Artful本身也是在2017年10月发行的过渡版本
发行代码的确认方式，比如Artful
devops@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -cs artful devops@ubuntu:~$
硬件
Ubuntu对Docker CE的支持除了需要是64位的OS之外，x86的CPU也是需要的。除了x86之外，还有如下的支持类型
- armhf
- s390x（IBM Z）
- ppc64le （IBM Power）
devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m x86_64 devops@ubuntu:~$
安装
apt-get update
使用apt-get update更新源中的软件列表
devops@ubuntu:~$ sudo su [sudo] password for devops: root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update Hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful InRelease Get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates InRelease [78.6 kB] Hit:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports InRelease Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security InRelease [78.6 kB] Get:5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main i386 Packages [212 kB] Get:6 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 Packages [216 kB] Get:7 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe i386 Packages [89.0 kB] Get:8 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 Packages [89.9 kB] Fetched 764 kB in 4s (163 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
安装所需的package
命令：apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
执行日志
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
ca-certificates is already the newest version (20170717).
software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.17).
The following additional packages will be installed:
libcurl3
The following NEW packages will be installed:
apt-transport-https
The following packages will be upgraded:
curl libcurl3
2 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
Need to get 383 kB of archives.
After this operation, 247 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue"en_HK:en",
LC_ALL = (unset),
LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8",
LANG = "en_HK.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to a fallback locale ("en_HK.UTF-8").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https.
(Reading database ... 63866 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../apt-transport-https_1.5.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../curl_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libcurl3_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...
Setting up libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
Setting up curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
添加GPG key
使用如下命令添加docker官方的GPG key，
命令：curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
执行日志
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - OK root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
此key的数字签名为9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88，所以可以用其最后8位进行确认
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88 pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA] 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88 uid [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com> sub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S] root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
设定stable源仓库
使用如下命令设定x86安装类型的stable源仓库
命令：add-apt-repository “deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable”
如果是其他类型的化，对应关系参看如下，将上述命令中的arch=amd64进行替换即可
执行日志：
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
apt-get update
再次使用apt-get update更新源中的软件列表
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update Hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful InRelease Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security InRelease [78.6 kB] Get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates InRelease [78.6 kB] Hit:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports InRelease Get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful InRelease [51.9 kB] Get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 Packages [1462 B] Fetched 211 kB in 2s (85.8 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
安装docker-ce
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount libltdl7
The following NEW packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount docker-ce libltdl7
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
Need to get 29.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 150 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue"en_HK:en",
LC_ALL = (unset),
LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8",
LANG = "en_HK.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to a fallback locale ("en_HK.UTF-8").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Selecting previously unselected package aufs-tools.
(Reading database ... 63874 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../aufs-tools_1%3a4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount.
Preparing to unpack .../cgroupfs-mount_1.4_all.deb ...
Unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libltdl7_2.4.6-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce.
Preparing to unpack .../docker-ce_17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...
Setting up aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...
Setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...
Setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
Setting up docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket → /lib/systemd/system/docker.socket.
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
指定版本安装
如果希望指定版本方式安装，则在安装时需要指定docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu版本方式即可
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-cache madison docker-ce docker-ce | 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 17.12.0~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 Packages root@ubuntu:/home/devops# root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done docker-ce is already the newest version (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu). 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded. root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
安装后确认
版本确认
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker version Client: Version: 17.12.1-ce API version: 1.35 Go version: go1.9.4 Git commit: 7390fc6 Built: Tue Feb 27 22:17:53 2018 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Server: Engine: Version: 17.12.1-ce API version: 1.35 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.9.4 Git commit: 7390fc6 Built: Tue Feb 27 22:16:25 2018 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
整体信息
可以看出很多基本信息，比如存储方式为overlay2
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker info Containers: 0 Running: 0 Paused: 0 Stopped: 0 Images: 0 Server Version: 17.12.1-ce Storage Driver: overlay2 Backing Filesystem: extfs Supports d_type: true Native Overlay Diff: true Logging Driver: json-file Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs Plugins: Volume: local Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog Swarm: inactive Runtimes: runc Default Runtime: runc Init Binary: docker-init containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55 runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e init version: 949e6fa Security Options: apparmor seccomp Profile: default Kernel Version: 4.13.0-21-generic Operating System: Ubuntu 17.10 OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 1 Total Memory: 988.7MiB Name: ubuntu ID: TYYA:4LWB:YTHA:2DNB:XBXM:NFNP:ADMY:VZEJ:2ZBN:KPKW:PTML:S5A2 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker Debug Mode (client): false Debug Mode (server): false Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Live Restore Enabled: false WARNING: No swap limit support root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
参考文献
https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/
总结
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